El uso de la inteligencia artificial por parte de las empresas españolas: avances recientes y factores asociados a su uso
Series: Occasional Papers. 2624.
Author: Jacob Hess and Diana Posada Restrepo
Spain
- Artificial intelligence and Big data
- Non-financial corporations, businesses
- Business investment
Full document
Abstract
Rationale
The adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies by Spanish firms increased markedly between 2024 and 2026, but remains highly uneven by firm size, sector and intensity of use. This Occasional Paper analyses recent AI adoption patterns using evidence from the Banco de España Business Activity Survey and links these data to firm balance sheet information to identify the characteristics that support AI diffusion and the barriers that continue to constrain it.
Takeaways
- AI use has doubled among SMEs since 2024, reaching 30%-35%, while around 70% of large firms now report using AI, leaving a sizeable firm-size gap.
- The impact on employment has so far been limited, but a significant share of firms report increases in productivity and investment, especially where AI use is more intensive.
- Firms that adopt AI show, on average, higher productivity levels, higher wages and greater intangible asset intensity; among non-adopters, the main reported obstacles are resource constraints and low perceived usefulness.